Men’s room not enough wedding in the residential employment in the first period of connection seems to be regarding the each other large parities (step 3 youngsters or maybe more) and you will lower parities (no otherwise one child), in the second circumstances brand new relationship was weaker and you can statistically smaller tall
34With mention of the newest couple’s features, women who joined a reliable connection after as compared to source classification (25-30 years dated initially union creation) be a little more than simply twice as planning become childless (Dining table step one, Design step 3). But not, specific caution is needed to translate this parameter, as the group of this new mothers’ attempt may have emphasized it result: in reality, very few of the forty-year-dated parents from thirteen-year-old college students entered a primary partnership in their thirties. However, it’s probable that people women who delay its admission with the commitment features a low inclination to have a family, or simply may possess fecundity problems .
35The connection with cohabitation at the time of earliest commitment – by themselves away from whether it is followed by wedding – increases the likelihood of are childless, even though it decreases drastically the possibilities of from the modal group of moms and dads regarding one or two college students (Dining table step one, Design 3). Multiple situations are important right here. Certainly, cohabiting unions are a lot a great deal more erratic than just marriages (De Sandre et al., 1997). Nevertheless meaning of a cohabiting commitment regarding Italian perspective is actually undecided. It will reasonably end up being hypothesized there is less propensity certainly cohabitants to choose a great “complete” family investment as they features a stronger aversion so you can permanent limits (Rosina and you will Billari, 2003).
36Women’s job imbalance and the independence of their time plan improve the probability of childlessness (Table step 1, Design step three). The alternative is true for men work functions. In the event the a female did not work in the original period of the latest relationship she’s a notably highest likelihood of having of several children. An understood bad financial status in identical months are somewhat on the a top odds of remaining childless.
37Another associated trying to find issues free time. Just like the previously stated, brand new sex price remains remarkably imbalanced inside Italy, and ladies who consistently recall that have got limited or very restricted free time in the 1st ages of their commitment look a great deal more attending leave motherhood; a comparable is valid when the the spouse got reduced otherwise equal leisure time, as opposed to those with far more (Table step 1, Model 3). For this reason, toward one hand, the traditional intercourse role establishes are plain old plan to have several group, during additional hands, men’s room decreased involvement when you look at the residential jobs could possibly get end girls which have one young child away from that have some other kids.
Brand new text of your concerns are a similar for women regarding all parities, no matter if a list of some intentions based on present pupils and you will previous feel from motherhood is requested to help you parents simply
38Reproductive behavior is largely dependent on mindful reproductive solutions, that are affected each other by social norms and you will private opinions, also from the additional restrictions. Contained in this point, we assess the character of those restrictions shown by the ladies out-of different parities as essential points inside their decision to not have an excellent (further) boy. I then talk about the possible effect out of particular policy methods that might cause female to modify its reproductive actions.
39Only “voluntarily” childless lady (i.elizabeth. people that had never ever attempted to enjoys youngsters) was basically asked about the causes due to their reproductive options therefore the perceived constraints to help you motherhood, thereby leaving out individuals with fecundity impairments (come across Mencarini and you can Tanturri, 2004). All 
the questions was in fact in addition to asked to female that have two children.
